Ephemeroptera of Gunnison County, ColoradoIntroduction to the Leptophlebiidae or Prong-gilled MayfliesUpdated 9 September 2025
TSN 101095 Provisional Species ListChoroterpes sppParaleptophlebia debilis Paraleptophlebia memorialis Paraleptophlebia vaciva Traverella albertana Good LinksOn this website:Paraleptophlebia Introduction Other Websites: Photos, Map, Museums, DNA - Barcode of Life Data System ReferencesAllen,RK and Murvosh,CM 1987 Leptophlebiidae of the southwestern United States and northwestern Mexico (Insecta: Ephemeroptera). The Great Basin Naturalist, pp.283-286. PDFAbstract: "Collections of mayflies of the Leptophlebiidae, genera Choroterpes Eaton, Paraleptophlebia Lestage, Thraulodes Ulmer, and Traverella Edmunds from the southwestern United States and northwestern Mexico are reviewed. Choroterpes (Choroterpes) oaxacaensis Brusca & Allen is synonymized with C. (C.) inornata Eaton. The nymph described as Thraulodes species "D" Allen & Brusca is the nymph of T. arizonicus McDunnough. New distributional records extend the known ranges of C. inornata, C. (Neochoroterpes) mexicanus Allen, Paraleptophlebia memorialis (Eaton), T. arizonicus, T. brunneus Koss, T. salinus Kilgore & Allen, T. speciosus Traver, Traverella albertana (McDunnough), and T. castanea Kilgore & Allen." Ball,SL; Hebert,PDN; Burian,SK and Webb,JM 2005 Biological identification of mayflies (Ephemeroptera) using DNA barcodes. Journal of the North American Benthological Society 24 (3) 508-524. PDF Barber-James,HM; Gattolliat,J; Sartori,M and MD Hubbard 2008 Global diversity of mayflies (Ephemeroptera, Insecta) in freshwater. Hydrobiologia 595(1) 339-350. DOI:10.1007/s10750-007-9028-y Abstract and Full Text Berner,L 1975 The mayfly family Leptophlebiidae in the southeastern United States. Florida Entomologist, pp.137-156. PDF Burian,SK 2001 A revision of the genus Leptophlebia Westwood in North America (Ephemeroptera: Leptophlebiidae: Leptophlebiinae). Bulletin of the Ohio Biological Survey 13: 1-80. Leptophlebia is not present in Gunnison County at this time. Cummins,KW; Wilzbach,MA; Gates,DM; Perry,JB; Taliaferro,WB 1989 Leaf litter that falls into streams influences communities of stream invertebrates. BioScience 39 (1) 24-30. Dodds,GS and Hisaw,FL 1925 Ecological studies on aquatic insects. IV. Altitudinal range and zonation of mayflies, stoneflies and caddisflies in the Colorado Rockies. Ecology 6(4)380-390. Abstract PDF Edmunds Jr.,GF; Jensen,SL and Berner,L 1976 The Mayflies of North and Central America. University of Minnesota Press, Minneapolis, Minnesota. 330 pages pages. Haden,GA; Blinn,DW; Shannon,JP and Wilson,JP 1999 Driftwood: an alternative habitat for macroinvertebrates in a large desert river. Hydrobiologia 397, 179-186. PDF Hubbard,MD and Savage,HM 1981 The fossil Leptophlebiidae (Ephemeroptera): a systematic and phylogenetic review. Journal of Paleontology, pp.810-813. PDF Kondratieff,BC and Durfee,RS 1994 A new species of Paraleptophlebia from Tennessee (Ephemeroptera: Leptophlebiidae). Entomological News 105 (5) 259-261. Lestage,J-A. 1917 Contribution à l'étude des larves de Éphèmères paléarctiques. Annales de Biologie Lacustre 8(3-4):213-458. Abstract This paper describes the family Leptophlebiidae as a subfamily of Baetidae called Leptophlebiinae. 
Lugo-Ortiz,CR and McCafferty,WP 1995 Annotated inventory of the mayflies (Ephemeroptera) of Arizona. Entomological News 106 3, 131-140. Mebane,CA; Dillon,FS and Hennessy,DP 2012 Acute toxicity of cadmium, lead, zinc, and their mixtures to stream-resident fish and invertebrates. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, 31(6), 1334-1348. PDF Peters,WL 1988 Origins of the North American Ephemeroptera fauna, especially the Leptophlebiidae). Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Canada 144:13-24. Abstract: "The complex origins of the North American Ephemeroptera fauna extended from the Lower Permian to the Recent. This paper discusses origins of North American genera of the cosmopolitan family Leptophlebiidae with a few examples from other mayfly families. The two extant subfamilies, Leptophlebiinae and Atalophlebiinae, probably evolved at least by the mid-Cretaceous, or about 100 million years before present. The primitive Leptophlebiinae are distributed throughout most of the Northern Hemisphere and the ancestors of the Leptophlebia-Paraleptophlebia complex within this subfamily dispersed widely by the North Atlantic route as early as the mid-Cretaceous and later probably by northern trans-Pacific dispersals through Beringia. The ancestors of Habrophlebia dispersed through the North Atlantic route at an early time, but the vicariant distribution of Habrophlebiodes in several areas of the Oriental Region and eastern North America correlates with the Arcto-Tertiary forest that covered most of the Northern Hemisphere including Beringia from the Early Tertiary into the Pleistocene. Within the nearly cosmopolitan Atalophlebiinae, Traverella is austral in origin and probably dispersed north through the Mexican Transition Zone during the mid-Tertiary as an ancient dispersal and then dispersed to its northern and eastern limits following the last Pleistocene deglaciation by way of the Missouri River tributaries. Thraulodes and Farrodes are both austral in origin and probably dispersed north through the Mexican Transition Zone during the Early Pleistocene as a relatively recent dispersal. The origins of Choroterpes sensu stricto and Neochoroterpes in North America are unknown. The mayfly fauna of the West Indies is Neotropical in origins, and no affinities between the West Indies and North America through Florida have ever been confirmed." Ward,JV and Stanford,JA 1990 Ephemeroptera of the Gunnison River, Colorado, USA. In: Mayflies and Stoneflies. Ed: Campbell,IC Kluwer Academic Publishers, 215-220. PDF Abstract: "Samples were taken year-round at eleven sites (2900-1400m a.s.l.) along the Gunnison River, a 329 km long tributary of the Colorado River, to examine the longitudinal distribution of Ephemeroptera and to assess the response of the mayfly fauna to dams in the headwaters and middle reaches. Nymphal abundance increased from headwaters (791 organisms and 333mg dry weight m-2 at site 1) to lower reaches (2610 organisms and 873 mg at Site 11). Abundance was slightly elevated immediately below the headwater dam (Site 2) whereas damming the middle reaches greatly reduced mayfly density and biomass. Five families (Baetidae, Ephemerellidae, Heptageniidae, Leptophlebiidae, Tricorythidae) comprised from > 98% to 100% of the mayfly fauna at each site. Leptophlebiids and tricorythids were abundant only in the lower reaches. Mayfly species richness exhibited a unimodal pattern with the maximum at Site 4. Both headwater and middle reach dams greatly reduced species richness immediately downstream. Scrapers and collector-gatherers comprised the majority of the mayfly fauna at all sites. Filter-feeders were abundant only at Site 11 where Traverella albertana attained high densities." " Don't say you don't have enough time. You have exactly the same number of hours per day that were given to Helen Keller, Pasteur, Michaelangelo, Mother Teresa, Leonardo da Vinci, Thomas Jefferson, and Albert Einstein." |